Spondylolisthesis (spon-dl-oh-lis-THEE-sis) is a condition in which a lumbar vertebra – a bone in the lower spine – slides forward or backward and throws the spine out of position. If the dislocation is minor, it might not cause any symptoms, but spondylolisthesis can also put pressure on nerves and cause pain that radiates down the legs and into the feet.
Unlike some degenerative conditions of the spine, spondylolisthesis may affect people of all ages. Children born with spine abnormalities, and young athletes engaged in high-intensity sports may develop this condition. American Pain Consortium uses minimally invasive techniques to alleviate pain and help patients regain mobility and flexibility. For more information about our services, visit our Treatments page.
If you have lower back pain with muscle spasms, or pain that radiates into the legs, contact us to request a consultation.
People with this condition may have a combination of underlying conditions, such as:
Surgery is rarely necessary to treat spondylolisthesis. Treatment usually begins with rest to relieve spinal pressure. Physical therapists may recommend spondylolisthesis exercises to strengthen the lower back and help realign the spine. Anti-inflammatory medication along with pain-relieving injections or medications may also be part of the overall treatment plan.
Spondylolisthesis can develop due to various factors depending on its specific type. The most common cause in younger individuals and athletes is isthmic spondylolisthesis, which stems from a stress fracture in a small bone connecting the spinal joints (the pars interarticularis).
In older adults, degenerative spondylolisthesis is more prevalent, caused by general wear and tear that weakens the spinal discs and facet joints over time. Additional risk factors include family genetics, congenital spinal malformations, traumatic injuries, or underlying bone-weakening conditions.
Physical therapy cannot physically push a slipped vertebra back into its original position, but it plays a critical role in stabilizing the spine. Targeted physical therapy strengthens the deep core muscles—such as the transverse abdominis and multifidus—which act as a natural internal corset around the lumbar region.
By reinforcing these surrounding structural muscles, physical therapy reduces mechanical stress on the compromised segment, minimizes micro-motion, and prevents further slippage while easing daily discomfort.
Persistent lower back pain and sore/tight leg muscles could be signs of spondylolisthesis. If you have these symptoms, please contact American Pain Consortium to schedule a consultation. Early treatment may help reverse the effects of this condition.
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